Insect Repellent Planner驱虫防护规划器
Protection windows for DEET, picaridin, IR3535 and OLE — with sweat adjustment, reapply clock time, permethrin doses and tick checks. DEET、派卡瑞丁、IR3535 与柠檬桉叶油的防护窗口——含出汗折减、补涂时钟时刻、扑灭司林用量与蜱虫检查。
How the repellent planner works
The protection window of a skin repellent is set by its active ingredient and concentration, using the durations printed on EPA-registered labels: DEET 10% lasts about 2 hours, DEET 20% around 3–4 hours, DEET 30% around 6–8 hours, and 40–100% roughly 8–10 hours. Above 30%, concentration mainly adds weight, odour and plastic-damage risk rather than meaningful time — the classic diminishing-returns curve. Picaridin 20% delivers 8–12 hours with almost no smell and no solvent damage to gear, IR3535 20% about 8 hours, and oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) 30% about 6 hours. OLE is plant-derived but must not be used on children under 3.
Sweat, wiping and the reapply clock
Label times assume resting conditions. Heavy sweating, rain, swimming or towelling the skin removes roughly 30–50% of the product, so the planner multiplies your window by 0.6 when you select heavy sweat and converts the conservative (short) end into a clock time from now — that is the “reapply by” line in the result. Reapplying also restarts sunscreen timing, which is why you should apply sunscreen first, wait about 15 minutes, and put repellent on top as separate products rather than using a combination spray.
Permethrin clothing and the tick protocol
Clothes are the second layer. Treating one shirt-and-trousers outfit takes roughly 60–120 ml of permethrin: spray garments while they hang outdoors, let them dry for 2–4 hours, and the bond survives about 6 washes or 6 weeks, whichever comes first. Treat shoes, socks and hats too — but never spray permethrin on skin and never near cats, for which it is highly toxic. In tick habitat (tall grass, leaf litter, brush) combine repellent and treated clothing with the post-exposure protocol: shower within 2 hours, check the groin, armpits, hairline, behind the ears, navel and behind the knees, tumble-dry clothes on high heat for 10 minutes, and inspect children, packs and dogs.
计算原理
皮肤驱虫剂的防护窗口由有效成分与浓度决定，时长取自 EPA 注册标签：DEET 10% 约 2 小时，20% 约 3–4 小时，30% 约 6–8 小时，40–100% 约 8–10 小时。超过 30% 后，增加浓度主要带来油腻感、气味和损伤塑料的风险，时长却几乎不再增加——典型的收益递减。派卡瑞丁（Picaridin）20% 可维持 8–12 小时，几乎无味且不腐蚀装备；IR3535 20% 约 8 小时；柠檬桉叶油（OLE）30% 约 6 小时。OLE 虽为植物来源，但 3 岁以下儿童禁用。
出汗、擦拭与补涂时钟
标签时长以静止条件为准。大量出汗、淋雨、游泳或用毛巾擦身会带走约 30–50% 的药剂，因此选择“大量出汗”时，规划器将窗口乘以 0.6，并把最短一端换算成从现在起的时钟时刻，即结果中的“下次补涂”。补涂驱虫剂也会影响防晒节奏，所以应先涂防晒霜、等约 15 分钟成膜，再把驱虫剂涂在其上；两者用单品而不用二合一喷雾。
扑灭司林衣物与蜱虫流程
衣物是第二层防护。处理一套衬衫+长裤约需 60–120 毫升扑灭司林（permethrin）：户外悬挂喷洒，晾干 2–4 小时；附着效果约耐 6 次洗涤或 6 周，先到为准。鞋袜帽子同样处理——但绝不能喷在皮肤上，也绝不能在猫附近操作，它对猫有剧毒。在蜱虫生境（高草、落叶层、灌丛）中，皮肤驱虫剂与处理过的衣物还要配合返回后的流程：2 小时内洗澡；检查腹股沟、腋下、发际线、耳后、肚脐、膝后；衣物烘干机高温 10 分钟；检查孩子、背包和狗。